Doppler Effect in Light Red Blue Shift

Light waves from a moving source experience the Doppler effect to result in either a red shift or blue shift in the lights frequency. This is in a fashion similar (though not identical) to other sorts of waves, such as sound waves. The major difference is that light waves do not require a medium for travel, so the classical application of the Doppler effect doesnt apply precisely to this situation. Relativistic Doppler Effect for Light Consider two objects: the light source and the listener (or observer). Since light waves traveling in empty space have no medium, we analyze the Doppler effect for light in terms of the motion of the source relative to the listener. We set up our coordinate system so that the positive direction is from the listener toward the source. So if the source is moving away from the listener, its velocity v is positive, but if it is moving toward the listener, then the v is negative. The listener, in this case, is always considered to be at rest (so v is really the total relative velocity between them). The speed of light c is always considered positive. The listener receives a frequency fL which would be different from the frequency transmitted by the source fS. This is calculated with relativistic mechanics, by applying necessary the length contraction, and obtains the relationship: fL sqrt [( c - v)/( c v)] * fS Red Shift Blue Shift A light source moving away from the listener (v is positive) would provide an fL that is less than fS. In the visible light spectrum, this causes a shift toward the red end of the light spectrum, so it is called a redshift. When the light source is moving toward the listener (v is negative), then fL is greater than fS. In the visible light spectrum, this causes a shift toward the high-frequency end of the light spectrum. For some reason, violet got the short end of the stick and such frequency shift is actually called a blue shift. Obviously, in the area of the electromagnetic spectrum outside of the visible light spectrum, these shifts might not actually be toward red and blue. If youre in the infrared, for example, youre ironically shifting away from red when you experience a redshift. Applications Police use this property in the radar boxes they use to track speed. Radio waves are transmitted out, collide with a vehicle, and bounce back. The speed of the vehicle (which acts as the source of the reflected wave) determines the change in frequency, which can be detected with the box. (Similar applications can be used to measure wind velocities in the atmosphere, which is the Doppler radar of which meteorologists are so fond.) This Doppler shift is also used to track satellites. By observing how the frequency changes, you can determine the velocity relative to your location, which allows ground-based tracking to analyze the movement of objects in space. In astronomy, these shifts prove helpful. When observing a system with two stars, you can tell which is moving toward you and which away by analyzing how the frequencies change. Even more significantly, evidence from the analysis of light from distant galaxies shows that the light experiences a redshift. These galaxies are moving away from the Earth. In fact, the results of this are a bit beyond the mere Doppler effect. This is actually a result of spacetime itself expanding, as predicted by general relativity. Extrapolations of this evidence, along with other findings, support the big bang picture of the origin of the universe.

Essay about Who Is To Blame for a Childs Poor Behavior

When I was six years old my family and I moved to the United States from Ghana. During this move I saw a child crying on the planes, which lead me to ask my dad â€Å"why is he crying?† he replied with â€Å"because his mom ran out of candy and he wants more†. This baffled me because, I wouldn’t dream of doing something like that with my parents. Usually when I saw a child crying it was after being punished for being bad or causing trouble, so I asked â€Å"Is he a bad kid?† and my dad told me â€Å"No, he just has a bad parent.†. I didn’t understand until I started going to school because, every year there was at least one kid who thought they were above the rules. They would usually distract the class with their antics, and when confronted about their†¦show more content†¦My prediction was proved correct when my brother and I went to pick them up; Roman jumped into the car with a smile and explained the behavior system in his class, and happily told us that he got the best behavior grade, while Jr trudged to the car and crawled in with dried tears on his face and we automatically knew what that meant. My brother didn’t get involved with Jr for three days because, he thought Jr would stop on his own; however it only got worse and Jr got a phone call home. After my brother got involved, by going to his class and monitoring him daily, sitting him down and talking to him about his behavior, and spanking him if he got bad colors, Jr began to show improvements in his behavior; however, it di dn’t seem to stick with Jr because, he alternated homes. While he was with us he would learn that he needs to do things when he is told, and it didn’t matter if he wanted to or not, he also learned that he will not get anywhere with crying and attitude, but it was like a vacation when he went to his mother’s house because, there was little to no discipline, he didn’t get hit when he did bad things, and he got whatever he wanted, effectively undoing my brother’s efforts. These days people complain about the attitudes and dis-respectfulness of children, while forgetting that they are the generation that raised them. They try to raise children in a better environment than theyShow MoreRelatedThe Blame Game- Who Is Responsible for the Bully1724 Words   |  7 PagesThe Blame Game- Who is Responsible for the Bully? Abstract You hear the sad stories on your local and even national news, kids who pay the ultimate price for being the victim of bullying, death. Many stories gain nationwide popularity like the story of Jamey Rodemeyer, an openly gay fourteen year old who hanged himself due to the torment he could no longer take from his bullies. Another infamous story is that of Florida teen Seath Jackson, who was brutally beaten and shot to death byRead MoreParents of Obese Children and Charges of Child Abuse Essay1276 Words   |  6 Pagesthere is someone to blame for childhood obesity, the parents. Children are becoming obese because of poor health choices and ineffective parenting. According to David Rogers, public health spokesperson for the Local Government Association, parents who allow their children to eat too much could be as guilty of neglect as those who did not feed their children at all†. However, others will argue that childhood obesity is caused by genetic and hormonal factors. Some children who come from overweightRead MoreThe Effects Of Exposure On Early Child Behavior1732 Words   |  7 Pagesbehavior. The study conducted on the impact of exposure to community violence on early child behavior problems confirm the idea that children even raised in harsh or poor environments, is not a valid reason as to why these children are committing these violent crimes. In the study it was found that the link between community violence and problematic behavior during the early years of child development is still an unknown problem to confirm a direct linkage to a child’s behavior (Linares 639). IRead More. Summarise the Historical Changes in Childhood Experience and Relate These Changes to Child Development and Rights.1083 Words   |  5 Pages19th century I think children missed out on most of their childhood as most of them took on jobs such as chimney sweepers, street sellers and farms for example. These were mainly children from poor families who were seen as extra farm hands and were exploited by receiving low pay for long hours and working in poor conditions. Families did not look at how the children were treated and the possible impact on parts of their development (such as their social skills, health and education). When the governmentRead MoreThe Consequences For A Child1446 Words   |  6 Pageschildren regardless of the country. The quality of parenting is less when compared to those children who live at home with both of their parents. According to Nicholson, D’Esposito, Lucas, and Westrupp (2014), they suggested there is strong evidence emphasizing how children in single-parent fare more poorly when compared to children in two-parent families, which includes, behavioral and emotional problems, poor school success, lower literacy and achievement in adolescence, higher rates of dropping out ofRead MoreThe Effects Of Prescription Drugs On The Patient s Doctor Or Parent?1558 Words   |  7 Pagesof addiction greatly. Through further investigation, I began to question who was truly to blame for the vast misuse of these prescription drugs: the patient’s doctor or parent? While it is obvious that doctors are responsible for physically writing the prescriptions, the manipulative and irresponsible manner in which parents receive and handle the medications for their children raises the question of who is really to blame for the repercussions coming from the mishandling of these drugs. AlthoughRead MoreComputer And Video Games : Friends Needed974 Words   |  4 Pagesviolent behavior; rather, participation in computer/video games encourages positive social interaction and strengthens problem-solving skills. Computer games have taken the blame for many national tragedies, including Columbine and Sandy Hook; however, in the 1970s, rock music was blamed for many violent acts by teenagers, including suicide. Instead of delving into their child’s psychological status or the quality of his/her home life, parents look around for any other reason for their child’s violentRead MoreChild Abuse : The Unintentional Cover Up1303 Words   |  6 Pagesdefinitions have changed over the years. Child abuse is rarely reported by the kids or parents, but by responsible adults in authority over the victim. The poem â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† by Theodore Roethke reflects the issue of child abuse, by portraying a young child’s attempt to normalize an abusive situation. Survival mechanisms used by children in abusive situations make discovery and treatment of abuse difficult. Abuse treatment demands early identification and reporting of possible victims. Education is theRead M oreEssay about Juveniles Should Not Be Charged Differently594 Words   |  3 Pagessomething between that made them act the way they did. Many blame parents for their child’s actions because they think that the kids learn from parents. For example, bad behavior, drug abuse, rape, murder, etc., but teenagers should learn from their parents mistakes. Teenagers should not be charged differently, if they are in juvenile hall or jail because at the end they still committed a crime. Many people blame the parents when their child’s commit a crime. â€Å"Moral are inherent from birth† (Wilde 1)Read MoreDentists Can Have A Huge Impact On Their Community And1263 Words   |  6 Pagesviolence are also more likely to have children that are abused (Bragg). Partner violence occurs when a person experiences physical or sexual violence, stalking and psychological aggression by an intimate partner. An intimate partner is defined as someone who has a close relationship either by emotional connectedness, identified as a couple, regular contact, ongoing physical or sexual contact and familiarity and knowledge of each other’s lives. It is estimated that 27.3% of women and 11.5%of men in the

Singapore And Nigeria s Health Care System Essay

In many countries, both poor and wealthy, access to care is crucial to one’s health. Throughout this paper both Singapore and Nigeria will be compared to each other based their access to care for the entire population and the impact on the society the countries make. Singapore is known to have the most cost effective health care systems, whereas Nigeria is known to have very little to no advancements in their health care system. â€Å"Singapore is one of the most cost effective health care systems due to the fact that â€Å"The government of Singapore planned, built, and continues to develop and maintain the nation’s public health care system.† (Liu and Haseltine), and they spend 4.7 percent of their GDP on health care. In Nigeria, there health care systems have had very little to no advancements due to lack of education and rising cost of health care. It is quit evident that Singapore has the best access to care with the most effective actions as well as making a large impact on the society compared to Nigeria. Singapore is one of the most cost effective health care systems. The government of Singapore takes complete control over the health care system by planning, building, developing, and maintaining the nation’s public health care system (Lui and Hastletine). The government also regulates public and private health insurance. The healthcare system in Singapore is administered by the Ministry of Health. The Ministry of Health is responsible for assessing health needs, planning,Show MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Poor Infrastructures On Nigerian Government Parastatals2148 Words   |  9 Pagessnail s speed, such that the gap between the information-rich developed countries and Africa continues to increase every day. 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This is crucial, as we will further analyse the extent of The Body Shop’’s corporate social initiatives taking shape in Singapore, which is culturally, socially and politically different fromRead MoreRural Poverty Alleviation in Nigeria10400 Words   |  42 PagesRURAL POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN Nigeria In addressing this topic; Rural Poverty Alleviation, it is necessary to define each of the words in this phrase. Efforts will therefore be made to clearly describe/define the following words; Rural, Poverty, and Alleviation. WHAT IS RURAL? To define what is rural is daunting task, because the word rural is an inexact term that can mean different thing to different people. For example, what is considered rural in a place like United States of America and UnitedRead MoreAspects of Economic Reforms in the Nigerian Fourth Republic5141 Words   |  21 Pagesmayowa2000ng@yahoo.com YUSUF M.0 (MRS) DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS MICHAEL OTEDOLA COLLEGE OF PRIMARY EDUCATION, NOFORIJA, P.M.B. 1028, EPE, LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA. ASPECTS OF ECONOMIC REFORMS IN THE NIGERIAN FOURTH REPUBLIC ABSTRACT In Nigeria, the return to democratic rule in 1999 led to a myriad of programmes and strategies that were aimed at refocusing the face of the economy so as to resolve the difficulties which years of military rule hadRead MoreAccount for the growth of TNCs and evaluate their impacts at the global and national scales3274 Words   |  14 Pagestheir waste. In addition, labour is especially low-cost, and trade unions are either; not permitted, criminalised or displaced if operating in many Asian countries and provinces. And the amount of â€Å"red-tape† in countries like Malaysia, China and Nigeria make it even more inexpensive for TNCs to locate there. But the amount of money paid to workers under minimum wage also saves the TNC money. Coca-Cola pay Nigerian day workers $2.60 per day! And although that may seem exceedingly low, it is actuallyRead MoreMultinational Companies and Their Social Responsibilities (Α Case Study of Shell, Nigeria)15078 Words   |  61 PagesCHAPTER TWO 2.0 AN OVERVIEW OF SHELL DEVELOPMENT COMPANY IN NIGERIA 2.1 Introduction This chapter will provide basic knowledge of Shell Nigeria Oil Company and its operation in Nigeria, in particular regarding its ethics, performance, social involvement, contribution to national income and its contribution to keeping the environment green. Since the Rio Conference of 1992 the code of conduct for all extractive industries including crude oil mining companies has underlined the following principlesRead MoreSoc 727-the Theory of Demographic Transition and Its Applicability to Developing Countries5499 Words   |  22 PagesTHE THEORY OF DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION AND ITS APPLICABILITY TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES (Part One) A PAPER COMPILED BY S. AKINMAYá »Å'WA LAWAL MATRIC NO: 106584 Department of Sociology University Of Ibadan Ibadan, Nigeria. SUBMITTED TO PROFESSOR UCHE C. ISIUGO-ABANIHE DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF IBADAN SOC 727: DEMOGRAPHIC ASPECTS OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT THURSDAY, 8 MAY, 2008. Abstract Human population over the past decades, have doubled, tripled and grown rapidlyRead MoreThe Accounting Profession and Nat39077 Words   |  157 PagesScience of Accountancy EDITORIAL BOARD Prof. Edet Robinson Iwok, Ph.D, FCNA Prof. A. A. Okwoli, Ph.D, FCNA Prof. Abimaje Akpa, Ph.D, FCNA Prof. B. C. Osisioma, Ph.D, FCNA Prof. Edet B. Akpakpan, Ph.D, FCNA, Prof. A. C. Ezejulue, Ph.D, FCNA Prof. A. S. Mikailu, Ph.D, FNIA Chairman, Education, Training, Research and Technical Committee, ANAN Chief V. C. Azie Accountant-General of the Federation Auditor-General of the Federation Registrar, ANAN Chairman, Fed. Inland Revenue Service Director of ResearchRead More‘Countries at Very Low Levels of Economic Development Face Such Huge Challenges That They Cannot Hope to Address Them Without Assistance from the Rest of the World.’ to What Extent Do You Agree with This View?1909 Words   |  8 PagesThere are some countries in this world with a GDP less than $750, with populations earning less than $1 a day, life expectancies barely reaching past 40 years old and devastatingly poor levels of health care, school enrolment and adult literacy rates. These are the defining indicators of people living in low developing countries (LDC’s). Populations living in poverty and the majority with an income too small to accommodate their basic needs and the resources in the national economy, even when equallyRead MoreThe War On Drugs A Human Rights Violation?2486 Words   |  10 Pagesneglects the people involved criminally in the drug war, the corrosion of civil liberties and fair trial standards, denies economic and social rights, demonizes individuals and groups, imposes abusive and inhumane punishments, denies the right to health, privacy, and freedom of belief and practice, and the consequential social impact concentration on young people, certain ethnic groups and other minorities who are socially and economically deprived communities. In the following section I will discuss

The Epic Of The Ramayana - 1443 Words

The Ramayana The story Ramayan is the oldest version, is the basis of all the various versions of the Ramayana that are related to the many cultures. The current text of Valmiki Ramayana is collaboration of two parts from the north and the south of India. Valmiki, the writer of Ramayana has been usually divided into seven books which all are dealing with the life of Rama from his birth date to his death date. The Main hero Rama, was a prince in the city of Ayodya which is the capital of Kosala kingdom, sometimes mentioned to as raghuvansham The storystarts just before his birth and ends after his death when his two sons ascend to power. Dashrath who was the Father of Rama and the the king of kosala, who believed in god and the god had given him strong power to fight against their enemies. He had three queens and four sons named Rama, Lakshaman and Shatrugan (twins), and Bhart. Rama, being the eldest, is being turned-out as the future king. All the brothers were very close to each other, but Lakshmana formed the closest bond with Rama. Together, they are trained in archery. Vishvamitra, one of the famous seven savants acc. To Hindu Mythology. Janaka who was the king of other state, one day made a contest to select the best prince for his daughter Named Sita (also called Janaki). Rama won the contest and returned home to Ayodhya with his new bride. Now ,The time came for Dasaratha to select Rama as the next king. kaikeyi, the third queen of Dasharath, reminded him hisShow MoreRelatedThe Epic Of The Ramayana887 Words   |  4 Pagesperspective and approach towards life helps a person resolve infinite conceivable questions, unlock morals and ethics, and approach enlightenment. The Ramayana, a relic with sacred relevance not only to India, but all of humanity, consolidates the innumerable queries by humans, answers them with morality, principals, and philosophical beliefs. This Indian heroic epic poem, comprises of approximately 24,000 verses, is mostly written using the sloka meter and is divided into 7 books, each containing 500 chaptersRead MoreThe Epic Of The Ramayana1270 Words   |  6 PagesChauntise McIntosh Prof. Warren Hum T/Th 1130/1245 INTRO/THESIS The Ramayana is an excellent example of Joseph Campbell’s monomyth, who expresses that it â€Å"marks the physical, mental, and spiritual changes that young women and men undergo as they grow and develop to fill a variety of roles in society† (Whomsley 186) based on cultural dogmas. During this journey of maturation, an in individual must act in accordance with dharma to attain enlightenment. Dharma is the glue, which upholds the universeRead MoreThe Epic Of The Ramayana888 Words   |  4 Pages The Ramayana is a text that plays a major significance in the Hindu tradition. It was written by a Sage named Valmiki between the fifth and fourth century BC. The Ramayana belongs to the genre â€Å"Itihasa† which is the combination of history and myth. It plays a significant role in the lives of most Hindu’s particularly because of the protagonist Ram. Ram, in the traditional telling of the Ramayana is depicted as a man who is loyal and trustworthy. However, in Paley’s adaptation, Ram is the antagonistRead MoreThe Epic Of The Ramayana1285 Words   |  6 PagesGreat books are epic because they are retold in many ways since before 300 BCE. They are retold in various forms in different languages and mediums. Retelling in different languages and media forms makes it understandable for various audiences. For example, the Ramayana has been rewritten by R.K Narayan in a short prose from the original 24000 verses to 7 Kandas of the Ramayana written by Sage Valmiki (Rao 2005, 7616). 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Rama is able to display moral righteousness by sparing Vibishana’s life, asking for peace with Ravana in an attempt to avoid war, and by not killing Ravana during the battle when he is faint. He also shows courage by going to battle with Ravana to get Sita back. Spiritual purity is apparent whenRead MoreThe Epic Of The Ramayana1297 Words   |  6 PagesThe Ramayana is more than just a religious text. While it is blatantly rooted in Hindu culture and practice, a myriad of lessons and points from the Ramayana apply to human life on a much more general scale. Narayan’s piece portrays the complexity of human relationships, moral decisions, and the blurring lines between what is considered ‘good’ and what is considered ‘evil’. Numerous elements of the Ramayana exemplify these common themes but it is particularly noticeable in the relationships betweenRead MoreThe Epic Of Gilgamesh And The Ramayana1088 Words   |  5 PagesThe Epic of Gilgamesh and The Ramayana, we find protagonists who commit deeds of treachery in the name of slaying a monster. These slayings seem justified at first; however, as we examine them further we find that they are no more than heinous acts in the name of asserting power over the other. Both Gilgamesh and Rama kill monsters in the name of supporting what they believe in, but their beliefs are not always justified. When we closely examine the scenes of the monster slayings in both epics, weRead MoreIndian Hindu Epics Mahabharata And Ramayana1537 Words   |  7 PagesIt has been proclaimed that the most elevated form of literature can be found in the Indian Hindu epics Mahabharata and Ramayana. Hinduism as broad as a culture or way of living and as narrow as a religious identity has found its way to generations through literature. Literature, especially Indian, has its crux implanted in the Hindu beliefs and ideas as the Indian way of life is the Hindu way. The essay basically focuses on the way Hinduism has crept into literary writings. It brings out the waysRead MoreAn Incident And Characters Of The Great Epic Of Valmiki The Ramayana997 Words   |  4 PagesManishada is based on an incident and characters of the great epic of Valmiki The Ramayana. Manishada[nay wild hunter] is an utterance of big bang proscription in Sanskrit against violence and conducts without love. It is an utterance from the depth of heart of Valmiki for love and compassion to the entire flora and fauna of universe. Karnad chooses a mi nor character from the epic makes it the main character of his play. Looking at it from a different and new point of view, Karnad creates a play

Branches of Government Free Essays

Branches of Government Paper Brandy N. Serrano HIS 301 May 28, 2012 Bruce Franklin Branches of Government Paper This paper will discuss the three branches of government Legislative, Executive, and Judicial. This paper will first cover the history of the three branches how did it start and what each branch controls. We will write a custom essay sample on Branches of Government or any similar topic only for you Order Now The second piece will cover how the branches interact with each other and the success and balance of each of the three branches. The last two parts of the paper will cover conflict between state and federal power then and now and how the branches could be more efficient. History of the 3 Branches of Government The reason our founding father created the three Branches of Government was not to allow one person or one group of people to have too much power or control by having a series of â€Å"checks and balances†. The framers wrote the Constitution to provide a separation of powers, or three separate branches of government. Each branch has its own responsibilities while at the same time work together to make the country run smoothly and to assure that the rights of citizens are not ignored (Ben’s Guide to U. S. Government, August 2011). In 1789 the forefathers ratified the constitution that outline the three Branches of Government in Articles I, II, and III. Article I of the constitution covers the Legislative Branch, Article II gives details of the Executive Branch, and Article III covers the Judicial Branch. The articles define in detail the authority, the compilation, the rules of engagement, the interaction, and various other aspects of how these three specific branches of government should be divided (Hub Pages, 2012). The Executive Branch consists of the president, vice president and 15 Cabinet- level departments such as State, Defense, Interior, Transportation and Education (Trethan, 2012). The president controls the Executive Branch and chooses the vice president and the cabinet members who lead their departments. A crucial function of the executive branch is to ensure that laws are carried out and enforced to facilitate such day-to-day responsibilities of the federal government as collecting taxes, safeguarding the homeland and representing the United States’ political and economic interests around the world (Trethan, 2012). The Legislative Branch consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives that is known as the Congress. There are 100 Senators and 435 members of the House, each state has two Senators and House members are determined based on the population of the state. The legislative branch, as a whole, is charged with passing the nation’s laws and allocating funds for the running of the federal government and providing assistance to the 50 U. S. states (Trethan, 2012). The Judicial Branch is the United States Supreme Court and lower federal courts. The Supreme Court has nine justices that are appointed by the president and is confirmed by the Senate and once appointed they hold the position for a lifetime and are replaced when the person dies or retires. The primary function is to hear cases that challenge legislation or require interpretation of that legislation (Trethan, 2012). Interaction of the Branches As previously discussed there are three branches of government that were designed for a balance of â€Å"checks and balances†. The bases for the three branches of government in the U. S. are the, legislative, judicial, and executive, that will interact in a way that if one branch were to go outside the boundary set by the constitution the other branches would step in and pronounce the act unconstitutional (Vera, 2012). The Executive power which is the President has the power to approve or vetoes federal bills, carries out federal laws, appoints judges and other high officials, and makes foreign treaties, grant pardons and reprieves to federal offenders and acts as commander-in-chief of the armed forces. Checks that are done on Executive powers are; Congress can override vetoes by a two-thirds vote, the Senate can refuse to confirm appointments or ratify treaties and Congress can impeach and remove the President. The Congress can also declare war; while the Supreme Court can declare executive acts unconstitutional. The Legislative Powers also known as Congress have the authority to; pass federal laws, establishes lower federal courts and the number of federal judges. The following checks are in place for the Legislative powers; the Presidential veto of federal bills, Supreme Court can rule laws unconstitutional, and both houses of Congress must vote to pass laws by checking power within the Legislature. The checks on the Judicial power are; Congress can propose constitutional amendments to overturn judicial decisions (These require two-thirds majority in both houses, and ratifications by three-quarters of states. ) Congress can impeach and remove federal judges, and the President appoints judges (who must be confirmed by the Senate) (Hawk, 2008). Successful and Balanced When asking if the three Branches of Government are successful the question can have mixed answers. In one way yes it is successful because the system has lasted for over 200 years and continues on to this day. A better question to ask is does the current system continue to exhibit the characteristics and goals the founding fathers had envisioned. The answer to this question is not as clear in one hand the system seems to work as designed by our founding fathers laws are being passed, carried out, and enforced. On the other hand the level of involvement of the public is not what our founding fathers hoped it would be. The Anti-Federalists envisaged representatives returning home frequently to districts small enough to enable them to instruct constituents about the events taking place at the national capital and to receive instruction about how best to represent their constituents (Hub Pages, 2012). Even though this concept is alive today it is rare or even non-existing that a representative returns back to their state to ask their constituents for their instructions on events at the capital. Citizens due have tools in place that allow them to share their ideas and thoughts with their representatives such as phone, email, and the internet. The reality is many representatives are voting on issues that influence their special interest groups and party affiliations. We are also seeing a grid lock in Congress right now that is causing the Supreme Court to interfere more on issues that should be settled between Congress and the President. This is causing an imbalance between the three branches of the government. This is causing people to question if their representatives are fighting for their freedom, liberty, and property and this is showing in how people are voting. So for the question of success and balance the answer will always be different for everyone. Federal and State Right’s The Articles of Confederation were week and had no money or way of getting money through taxation. Under the Articles the States had more power than the nation government. For this reason our forefathers brought forth the idea of federalism, a division of sovereignty between a national government and regional government (Trethan, 2012). The federal powers under the constitution include the right to collect taxes, declare war, and regulate interstate and foreign trade. The federal government also has implied powers enable the government to respond to the changing needs of the nation. The states powers under the constitution include the right to legislate on divorce, marriage, and public schools. Powers reserved for the people include the right to own property and to be tried by a jury (Almanac of Policy Issues, 2004). Even though the Constitution had been made there were still several struggles between political struggles and between advocates of strong state powers versus proponents of federal supremacy ensued. In today’s modern world there are still arguments between states and federal government for example the U. S. federal government is sue the state of Arizona for their new immigration law saying that the law is unconstitutional. It comes down to having a balance of power between states and federal government this was the vision of our founding fathers. Efficiently Our founding fathers had great ideas on how to make this one nation and how to have a fair balance of state and federal governance. Their ideas have lasted for several years and as times change there are changes that are made to the three branches but for the most part it is still what the founding fathers had originally started. Some changes that could be made to the Legislative Branch is the removal of lobbyist and special interest groups this would help to get representatives to listen to the citizens they represent instead of the most influential or financially sound group. Also there needs to be a better balance between the numbers of representatives in the house that each state has, there should be a limit of 2 per state. This could help prevent the grid lock that we are seeing in Congress today and create a better balance. In the Judicial Branch a change would be to have term limits on how long a justices could serve this could help prevent corruption and the â€Å"social class† like system that there is today. In the Executive Branch the president should have more control over the Legislative Branch with the creation of laws. The Congress should not be allowed to pass a law without the president’s approval and if there is a disagreement then a compromise should try to be reached and if still blocked then it should go to the Supreme Court. Conclusion Our forefathers created a system to have a balance of power between state and federal government this system is the three branches of government. They did not know that 200 years later that system would still be in place and working much like they created it. The three branches help to keep balance between state and federal government and work to up hold the U. S. Constitution. Each branch was design to control different powers of government this keeps one group from having total control or power over another group. For the most part the branches are successful and balanced in power and control. State and federal government work together for the most part but there are still some conflict that arise between the two. Overall the developments of the three branches have been successful and like all good things there is room for improvements and change. We will have to wait and see what the next 200 years bring for the Government. References Almanac of Policy Issues. (2004). The Constitution of The United States of America. Retrieved from http://www. policyalmanac. org/government/archive/constitution. shtml Ben’s Guide to U. S. Government. (August 2011). Branches of Government. Retrieved from http://bensguide. gpo. gov/3-5/government/branches. html Hawk, R. (2008). Checks and Balances in the Three Branches of Government. Retrieved from http://socyberty. om/government/checks-and-balances-in-the-three-branches-of-government Hub Pages. (2012). A Look at the Three Branches of the United States Government 79. Retrieved from http://scsiv. hubpages. com/hub/A-Look-at-the-Branches=of-the-United-States-Government Trethan, P. (2012). The Branches of Government. Retrieved from http://usgovinfo. about. com/od/usconstituton/a/branches. htm Vera, L. (2012). Why Three Branches of Government. Retrieved from http://lovera13. hubpages. com/hub /Why-Thre-Branches-of-Government How to cite Branches of Government, Essay examples

Great Gatsby Questions free essay sample

Chapter Seven Questions for The Great Gatsby 1. Why does Gatsby stop giving parties? 2. When does Tom first realize that Daisy loves Gatsby? 3. Why is Myrtle Wilson upset when she sees Tom and Jordan? 4. Why does Gatsby view Daisy’s child with surprise? 5. Why does Gatsby object to letting Tom drive his car? 6. What ironic situation is occurring on the drive to town? 7. Why is Nick pleased with Gatsby’s honesty about Ox ford? 9. What has increased Tom’s hatred of Gatsby? 10. Why does Tom’s defense of family life amuse Nick? 11. What is the significance of Nick’s thirtieth birthday? Why does Tom insist that Daisy and Gatsby drive home together? 13. Why does Nick change his feelings toward Jordan? 15. What is Nick’s attitude toward Gatsby? 14. Why are Tom and Daisy reconciled? 15. Describe Daisy and Gatsbys new relationship. 16. Compare George Wilson and Tom. What did each man learn about his wife and how did they each react? 17. We will write a custom essay sample on Great Gatsby Questions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If Daisy says shes never loved Tom, is there someone whom she thinks she loves? 18. Describe the fight between Gatsby and Tom. What do these men think of each other? How are they similar and how are they different? 19. What do you think Tom and Daisy were saying to each other in the kitchen? Do you think that Tom knew Daisy was driving the death car? Why, why not? Chapter Eight Questions for The Great Gatsby 1. How does Fitzgerald achieve a melancholic mood in the beginning of this chapter? 2. How are seasons used in constructing this novel? 3. Who is Dan Cody and what is his significance in Gatsbys life? 4. How does Nicks statement Youre worth the whole bunch put together show a change in Nick? .. from the beginning of the novel? 5. How does T. J. Eckleberg affect Mr. Wilson?

African American Music Essay Example For Students

African American Music Essay By 1945, nearly everyone in the African American community had heard gospel music (2). At this time, gospel music was a sacred folk music with origins in field hollers, work songs, slave songs, Baptist lining hymns, and Negro spirituals. These songs that influenced gospel music were adapted and reworked into expressions of praise and thanks of the community. Although the harmonies were similar to those of the blues or hymns in that they shared the same simplicity, the rhythm was much different. The rhythms often times had the music with its unique accents, the speech, walk, and laughter which brought along with it synchronized movements. (2) The gospel piano style was based on the rhythm section concept, where the middle of the piano was used to support the singers. This area supported the singers by doubling the vocal line in harmony. The bottom, left corner of the piano was used as a bass fiddle while the upper right hand portion played the counter melodies, taking the place of a trumpet or flute. It was the right hand corner that filled in the material during the rhythmic breaks. Often times the text of the gospel songs portrayed meanings of the Trinity, blessings, thanks and lamentations. The singers used the voices to communicate their feelings about Christianity. Many singers sang through the problems and moved their audiences, often congregations, so much so that the audience forgot their own problems temporarily and the weights of the world were taken away through the music. (2) During the beginning of the Golden Age of Gospel (1945-1955), gospel music reached a near perfection and had a huge, devote audience. The call and response form in particular flourished in the new type of music. The African American gospel song had a unique power and ability to overcome. It was a means of transcending the listeners, singers and entire congregation to a higher spiritual and emotional level. During the post-Civil War years, the congregation style of singing was transformed by the new Pentecostal congregations, also known as Holiness and Sanctified. (5)African American gospel music was a twentieth century phenomenon which evolved through the people that moved from rural communities to urban centers in cities. They left their areas of limited promise and social and economic terror in hopes of starting over. (4) Gospel was s style of repertoire and singing. The music was delivered as a high powered spiritual force. The emphasis was placed on the vocal rhythms. Gospel music combined call and response forms, with slow-metered , lined out protestant hymns. Born in 1912, Mahalia Jackson was the third of six children. Growing up in segregated, racist times, Mahalia lived in what she called a shotgun shack. White folks owned the bars and grocery stores of the neighborhood. Blacks were left with the left over jobs, often working for white families, or working on the railroad tracks. Mahalias father found work on the riverfront, dock towns and on the boats. On Sundays, her father worked preaching in a Baptist church. For as hard as her parents worked, money always seemed to be short. When Mahalia was only five years old, her mother died. Her father remarried and acquired a whole new family with the marriage. Although she never earned any pay for her work, Mahalia began doing chores for her Aunt Duke after school. Both sets of Mahalias grandparents were born into slavery and she was doomed to head the same way. When Mahalia was in eight grade, she began to look for work outside of her aunts chores and got a job as a laundress. (4)When Mahalia finally became famous, she always demanded her payments in cash, paid up-front. The reason for her requests was because often times during her childhood years, they never received the payments they worked hard to receive. They would often be cheated out of their sums because plantation owners claimed that the money they earned was equal to their fees for room and board. (1)When Mahalia was just a small child, everyone that knew her agreed that she possessed something special. At eight years old, she had an uncommonly large voice. Using her talented voice both in and outside of church, she gained much praise. She of acquired a rich range spirituals and hymns. (5)Living in New Orleans, music was all around her and the city was filled with performing bands, pianists and various other types of musicians. It was almost as if everyone in the city of New Orleans knew how to play a musical instrument or sing a song. The new music was being produced for and by blacks. It because a tradition to hire brass bands to lead the funeral parade. This is only one small example of the good time spirit of the city. To them, they cried at the incoming of child and rejoiced at the outgoing. Death was something that was celebrated, not feared. This type of music played after burying the dead was called Second Line music. People would line the curbs and the returning band and dancing crowd often times attracted many fans. Despite the fact that someone had died, people were always happy. (1) The music meant something to them. It was the music of their souls and it was part of the New Orleans people and they way they did things. (3)When Mahalia moved up North she said that a lot of people questioned her about the way she sang religious songs. She would tell these people that she sang the songs the way she grew up hearing them. Many people think that is sounds like jazz, but to her she knew no different as a small child. Mahalia saw little difference between gospel and folk music. Some people claim that since Gospel and folk songs didnt take a lot of long studying, then they were ashamed by them. (1) They were considered simple songs of peoples hearts. People figured that if a song came from the heart then it must be too easy and should not be considered art, as we know it. These peoples opinions angered Mahalia and she strongly disagreed with them. She liked to sing gospel songs for herself. There were times when she felt like she was so far from God and the gospel songs were deep and had special meanings. They could bring back the communication and connection between oneself and God. (2)Mahalia first heard Bessie Smiths song, Careless Love when her cousin, Young Fred, brought home the new recordings. Young Fred was Aunt Dukes son and he and Mahalia were very close growing up. Mahalia and Fred would listen to the new recordings for hours on Freds phonograph, helping to ease a long, tiresome day of school and work. Outside of Mahalias family, the thing of next most importance in her life was her church, Mount Moriah Baptist Church. (3) She claims that it was the foot tapping and hand clapping of the congregation in her church that she credit for her bounce of her music. She enjoyed singing the songs, which testified the glory of the Lord. A Baptist all her life, it was actually her adoration of the Sanctified or Holiness church that affected her life and art. Although the Baptists had an organ and sang songs, the Sanctified Church had cymbals, drums, strings and tambourines that went along with the beat of vigorous hand clapping. Mahalia go so into the church music that she claims she was carried away by the spirit and the passion that filled her as she performed literally transported her out of herself. Mahalia always loved the church because of its powerful music. From her experiences in the church, she grew to sing the way she does today. (1) It was the way the preacher would sing, chant, cry, moan and shout in a groaning way that penetrated into her and other members of the congregations hearts. (1)Fred, Mahalias cousin and good friend was killed in an after-hours saloon brawl. This was her signal that she needed to move on with her life and get out of her Aunts house where she was abused. (1) She was ready to move out of adolescence and experience what life had to offer for her. The music that Mahalia and Fred listened to as children, (Dixieland music from various dance halls in their town) was music for the common people. She was out to seek her new musical destiny on a fresh, new place. Mahalia and her Aunt Hannah boarded the Illinois Central for a three-day trip to Chicago. The accommodations were separate yet equal according to the Supreme Courts decision in 1893, yet Mahalia and her aunt found themselves eating the food they had brought themselves since they were not allowed in the dining room, in packed, unheated conditions. (5)Upon arriving in Chicago, Mahalia found a job in the laundries working at a wash job. While she dreamed of becoming a nurse, she was faced with a wash job, or the option to work for a white family on the rich North Side. Her choices were ones of dirty, hard work and long workdays but she knew she had no other choice. In her new home, on of her top priorities was finding a new church. Her aunt brought her along to the Greater Salem Baptist Church where she was warmly welcomed and became a member of their choir almost immediately. Although she was living in poor conditions, working hard for little to no money, she kept her faith, knowing that the Lord had his arms around her. She credits the Depression for her whole career in gospel singing because it was these experiences that helped shape who she was and her way of life. (3) Mahalia became a member of the Johnson Singers, a group that sang in neighborhood churches for minimal money. Eventually this group began to work its way up and performed as headliners for the out-of-town Baptist conventions. Mahalias first and last music lesson took place at the South Side music school, by a tenor, Professor DuBois, a man of local fame. As her lesson progressed we can see why she never wanted to return. Her teacher, Mr. DuBois, told her that she had better stop hollering and insisted that she would have a better appeal with the white people, who would better understand her singing. She was thoroughly insulted to say the least and never desired another lesson. (5)At the age of twenty-three, the year being 1935, Mahalia was still living in Chicago and finally found the love of her life. Isaac Hockenhull, a friend from the many church sponsored socials that she attended, was the lucky man. Isaac knew he wanted to marry Mahalia and was convinced that she could get her voice trained so she could become a concert artist. In 1938, the two were married and lived happily together for a few years to come. Mahalia opened her own business as a hairdresser and soon expanded to sell cosmetics. (1) Next, she added a floral shop to her list and they were doing very well financially. Ike was still convinced that Mahalia needed to take her vocal talents one step further and convinced her to meet with Madame Anita Patty Brown, who had once been an opera singer and was a celebrated voice of the South Side. Although the lesson went well, Mahalia had her mind set on singing gospel and she disregarded Ikes input if it suggested anything different. While taking voice lessons from Madame Brown, Mahalia was also working with Thomas Dorsey, the choirmaster for many of the Baptist churches in Chicago and the leading gospel composer. Ike presented Mahalia with another opportunity. He had heard that the Federal Theater project was in the area and they were casting a production called The Hot Mikado. Mahalia auditioned and won a leading role but refused the job. Things between Ike and Mahalia began to worsen and they were beginning to come apart over gospel singing. Ike had a gambling problem, which didnt help their relationship, and they separated and eventually got a divorce, continuing to remain friends. (4)In 1933, Mahalia was given the opportunity to return to New Orleans and visit her family. When attending a tent show back home in Greenville, she met the acquaintance of an eight-year-old boy named John Sellers. She was very impressed with his talents and they two remained friends. All Is Not Well In the Land of The Lion King Essay Before John took off, playing in concerts in Canada and Europe, John recorded two albums with them. Big Bill gave John an open invitation to when the time came for him to separate from Mahalia. By 1958, John took Bill up on his offer and joined him willingly. By 1955, Big Bill had achieved celebrity status in England; he introduced Mahalia to the audiences in the Albert Hall. Mahalia joined Bill on his program of blues and jazz. Londons first response to Mahalias gospel music was cold and bitter due to the fact that they were a stiff-baked audience and her performance was filled with melancholy. Mahalia, not accepting rejection well, left England and went to Scandinavia where the audience widely received her talents. (1) Brother John returned to New York where he helped launch a new nightclub called Gerdes Folk City. Students everywhere found enjoyment in hanging out in nightclubs where drinks and entertainment was cheap and they could enjoy the roots of music in jazz, folk and blues. Brother John performed regularly at the nightclub, Folk City, for a few seasons. The blues music was popular but Mahalia refused to perform it herself, sticking to her gospel music. (3)Mahalia had gained an acquaintance, Martin Luther King, from when she supported the efforts in Montgomery. Mahalia loved to listen to what King had to say and saw her voice as a weapon for change. In May 1957, Mahalia sang at the Christian Leadership Conference held at Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. The time for compromise was over. In May 1954, the Supreme Court decided to act on the case known as Brown et al. V. United States, dealing with the reconsideration of the Fourteenth Amendment. For the first time in history, segregation was declared unequal, unfair and undemocratic. The community would no longer face separate but equal facilities. Progression was underway, or so it seemed. Race relations collapsed in Birmingham. The three principal black leaders, King, Shuttlesworth, and Abernathy began the morning of April 12, 1963 in leading a protest march. These three leaders were arrested and jailed as a result. Disruptions continued as four little black girls were killed and fourteen others were wounded as the children attended a bible class in Birmingham. In mid-June, three college youths, 2 white students and one black, were found, executed Klan style. It was following this incident in 1988 that Alan Parker produced the film, Mississippi Burning, in which Mahalia Jackson recording of Take My Hand, Precious Lord was the opening theme for the soundtrack and was under the main credit for the film. The trouble continued. On February 21, 1965, Malcolm X, a Black Nationalist, was shot point blank by three men in his audience. As you can see, Mahalia moved through an illicit world of race, politics and commerce. Mahalia believed that too many people were dragging their feet and she was filled with anxiety. (1)In August 1963, the White House lawn was covered with swarms of people who had taken the day off from being mean to each other. It was a nation of people marching together. Mahalia joined Martin Luther King for his speech as she sang I Been Buked and I Been Scorned. For King, this song gave meaning and explanation behind why so many blacks had made such a great personal sacrifice. When Mahalia worked with King, she saw herself playing a role in changing America. King enriched Mahalia and encouraged her to become more politically involved and make her voice be heard. She acquired responsibility beyond her image as a gospel singer. She definitely lived a very full life. (2)On November 22, 1963, the nation watched in amazement, as one or more sharpshooters gunned down the President. Mahalia felt it was her duty to perform on TV for this sad occasion and sang Nearer My God to Thee. At this point, Mahalia was fifty-one and her health began to be undermined. Mahalia traveled abroad from Europe to the Middle East, Egypt, Lebanon, Syria and finally Israel, the Holy Land. Some of her final trips included India, Japan and Europe once more. When she returned home, Columbia records began to worry about her health and scheduled multiple recording sessions figuring the day was nearing when she would become too sick to continue recording. The world was changing along with many peoples views. Martin Luther King called upon Mahalia when he was in need of help. He knew that Mahalia had a strong alliance with Chicago City Hall and Mayor Daley and he wished to make an appearance with the help of Mahalias connections in Chicago. This event was set for May 27. By 1968, President Johnsons Great Society was falling apart. The thoughts that ran through Kings head at this time would make one consider him a dangerous man. 1968 was a double nightmare with the double political assignation. On April 3rd, Dr. King spoke to his audience at the pulpit in Memphis at the Mason Temple. The night that followed, King was speaking to his followers on the balcony of the Lorraine motel when he was gunned down by a rifle shot from the building across the street. The assassin was a thirty nine-year-old man who succeeded in killing King. On the day of Kings death, Mahalia was working with a friend, Jean Childers, on planning their chicken franchise business. Shocked and saddened, people were left wondering, what next? This was not the end. On June 4th, 1968, Senator Robert Kennedy was the next victim of being gunned down by an assassins bullet. The country feared that an organized conspiracy existed. Mahalia pulled herself together and once again went on broadcast on CBS television in memorial of Robert Kennedy. (1)Mahalia realized her lonesomeness and had a healthy appreciation for the male sex. She needed a companion and that was going to be her next project. While singing for the church in Gary, Indiana, Mahalia met the Galloway family and immediately set her eye on the husband, Sigmund. Although he had a wife and daughter at the time, his wife died a few years later and his daughter left to live with an aunt. In 1964, Mahalia and Sigmund were married in Mahalias living room. Again, this marriage did not last and Sigmund claimed that Mahalia was too demanding, controlling and commanding and no man would ever be able to please her! Mahalia moved out to a small place on Lake Shore and the divorce was finalized in 1967. Mahalia got whatever she wanted. In the year that followed the divorce, Mahalias excitement came when she received an invitation to perform in New Yorks Lincoln Center in a concert called Salute to Black Women. (1)Mahalia first became acquainted with Benjamin L. Hooks, as he was her preacher. Benjamin recalls that Mahalia was battered and mistreated and she was so used to it that she had come to expect it. Many times she had been deceived, tricked and duped out of money that she worked hard to earn. She began to mistrust people and got to the point where she would demand payments before the second half of the programs. He demanded only cash, due in her hand. (2)Back to Mahalias plans with Jean Childer, they started the Mahalia Jackson Chicken System in 1967. During this time, there were no franchise companies in the south that supported the idea of doing business with a black person. When Mahalia accepted their plan, the Hooker brothers agreed to work with Ben Hooks and Watts on this project. At this point, Mahalia was among the best known names in the black society. Six months later, the firm opened its first store in Memphis and Mahalia made a triumph appearance. Hooks and Watts added another company to their subsidiary, calling it the Mahalia Jackson Food System. This company produced over twenty-five varieties of foods, ranging from peas to beans and corn. Working with the AP Canning Company, millions of labels on cans of vegetable and fruits were changed to bear Mahalias name and her picture on the front. A year after Mahalias death, the company went bankrupt but had had many years of great success. (1)Although no one was ever able to duplicate Mahalias style exactly, many certainly tried. She held onto the notes for a longtime and changed the voice to a falsetto. Its been done before and certainly copied a number of times but none were as successful as Mahalia. Mahalia would forever have lifetime identification with the old-time Sanctified Baptist Church services. Mahalia still refused to go into the secular world but there was no need since she was making all of the money she needed. Mahalia never lowered her standards in terms of what she believed in. People say that formal voice training could have ruined Mahalia since she had such a unique style of her own. (5)By 1967, Mahalia had moved out of her small home to a double condo where she lived with Brother John. She fired her life long black law firm in Chicago and shocked everyone, informing them that she wanted all of her business transferred over to Eugene Shapiro, a young Chicago lawyer. This was the same year the Mahalia began to fight depression and her health began to be jeopardized. The stress of her busy schedule was beginning to take its toll on her physically. (1) Mahalias life long dream was to become a preacher in her own temple. When she arrived on the South Side of Chicago, she immediately idolized Elder Lucy Smith. Although Smith could not read or write, she had an incredible gift of persuasion. Mahalia loved Smiths dynamic presumptions and the public work she did for the poorer communities. As Mahalia aged, she overcame her shyness and nothing held her back from approaching people, both black and white for whatever she wanted. Although Mahalia saw success during her lifetime and much fame and fortune came her way, but she never saw all of the fruit of her hard work. Mahalia had temple plans of her own and she would not be settled until they were complete. She made a donation to have her plans become a reality and thats just what happened. She wanted to create a monument to her brothers and sisters who had come both before her and would proceed her. They, like herself had journeyed to the Promised Land. (5)On January 27, 1972, Mahalia Jackson died of a heart seizure at the age of sixty. She had worked too hard and had burned her heart out. Her death marked the eclipse of the gospels golden age. Mahalias works possessed a magical elixir that most of her competitors had been denied. Funeral services were held at the Arie Crown Theater. The coffin was then transported back to her home in New Orleans. Following the traditional funeral services, the procession reformed at the grave and then the joy began. Bands roared tones of gospel music. For them, they saw Mahalias death as a step toward her long journey up the glory road. (4) Mahalias life had been run by money. She had agreed that money changes people. Her friend, Brother John warned her that she was living too high and must come down but her fortune was much too important to her. Mahalia believed that people had the money she demanded and if they didnt, they would find it if they wanted to enjoy her services. She was wrestling with the two Mahalias inside herself. The powerful, public one had fits of anger, ruthlessness and times of unthinking. The other was extremely lonely and spending hours on the phone with her ex husband. Inside she was a scared woman who was seeking a close companion. (3)In June 1975, a film entitled Kinfolks documented the life and music of Mahalia Jackson. Her art was her work; her work was her art. (1)Bibliography:Encarta Encyclopedia, 1999